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Yamashina Hechigwan ( a.k.a. Sakomotoya Nyomugwan) was a 16th-century Japanese tea connoisseur and poet from Kyoto. Hechigwan's birth and death dates are unknown. His birthplace is also unknown—Mino Province and Kyoto have both been proposed. He lived for a time at a retreat he set up in Yamashina in Kyoto. It is said he learned the tea ceremony from tea master Takeno Jōō. He married the niece of physician . He shunned pomp and splendour in the tea ceremony, preferring the austere beauty of the ''wabi-suki'' aesthetic. Different sources also pronounce his name as "Pechikwan", "Pechikan", and "Hechikan". In Japanese, his name can be written 丿観, 丿貫, 丿垣, and 別貫. The kanji "丿" is often mistaken for the katakana character "ノ" ("no"). His choice of this character for his name may have been intended to indicate his eccentricity (curving to one side, it has been taken to mean that his heart did not follow a straight path)〔 or because it is one half of the character for "man" 人, indicating that he felt himself to be half a man.〔 Hechigwan was known for his eccentricities. Hechigwan was present at Toyotomi Hideyoshi's famous outdoor tea ceremony at the Kitano shrine in 1587, and received an award from Hideyoshi for his ''wabi-suki'' aesthetic. There he indulged in various eccentricities, including the erection of an oversized umbrella hung with reed fencing (for which Hideyoshi rewarded him with a tax remittance) and the impersonation of a priest. Hechigwan is also noted for a practical joke he played on the tea-master Sen no Rikyū; having invited Rikyū to a tea ceremony, he booby-trapped the path to the ''chashitsu'' (tea room) with a hidden pit. Though he recognised the ruse, Rikyū intentionally fell into the pit, allowing Hechigwan to rescue him and provide him with a bath and clean clothing. Hechigwan was critical of Rikyū because he felt that the latter had not experienced the hardships of poverty; he himself was not particularly wealthy, and survived by begging. On one occasion Hechigwan sold his tea utensils to raise funds, only to have the money stolen from his house.〔 During his time at Yamashina, he used a single pot to cook his meals, draw water and brew tea. He composed the following poem about it:
In later life he moved to Satsuma. Although it appears that he wrote poetry, he apparently collected and burned all his poems shortly before his death.〔 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yamashina Hechigwan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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